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1. At least 9 of the 18 credits must be at the 300-level or above.

2. Students may complete the minor concentration with no more than 9 credits in total from any one discipline.

3 credits from the following introductory courses:

6 credits from one of the four streams:

Stream 1: Economic Development and Living Standards

Stream 2: States and Governance

Stream 3: Culture and Society

Stream 4: Environment and Agricultural Resources

Experience has shown that development requires economic growth and is shaped by the distribution of economic resources. At the same time, the globalized economy has created new opportunities and new challenges for sustained growth. Courses in this stream revolve around the factors contributing to sustained economic growth, the trade-offs associated with different ways of achieving it, and the distributional issues development inevitably raises. More generally, this stream is also concerned with understanding what "development" actually entails in different contexts.

The courses in this stream focus on how political institutions shape developmental processes. Some courses analyze states and recognize how some promote development by providing diverse developmental goods while others impede development by preying on their peoples. Other courses focus on regimes and consider how political rights and participation, or their absences, affect developmental processes. Finally, several courses consider factors that make possible effective states and regimes.

The courses in this stream focus on how the social structures, history, and culture of populations affect developmental processes. Associations, class, gender, religion, race, and ethnicity, for example, all shape development in multiple and diverse ways. Moreover, present developmental processes oftentimes cannot be adequately understood without considering history. Culture, in turn, is increasingly recognized within development studies as both a determinant and a constitutive element of development. In exploring all three, the courses in this stream provide important insight into the complex and varied relationship between social context and development.

Students may count either HIST 339 or POLI 347 toward Stream 3 but not both. See the Political Science course list for Stream 3.

Students may count either HIST 339 or POLI 347 toward Stream 3 but not both. See the History course list for Stream 3.

Within development studies, the environment has long been recognized as a vital determinant of development. More recently, many scholars have changed their environmental focus to emphasize sustainability. The courses in this stream recognize both: some courses consider how the environment can be exploited to promote human well-being while others consider how the environment must be respected to render development sustainable. Together, they highlight the delicate balance that must be attained between humans and their environments to make possible sustainable livelihoods.

1. In their complete program (36 credits), students can take a maximum of 12 credits from any one discipline and must complete a minimum of 9 credits from two disciplines.

2. At least 18 of the 36 credits must be at the 300-level or above.

3. In the final year (U3), no program courses may be taken below the 300-level.

6 credits from the following introductory courses (only one course from each discipline may be counted):

15 credits from one of the four streams:

Stream 1: Economic Development and Living Standards

Stream 2: States and Governance

Stream 3: Culture and Society

Stream 4: Environment and Agricultural Resources

Experience has shown that development requires economic growth and is shaped by the distribution of economic resources. At the same time, the globalized economy has created new opportunities and new challenges for sustained growth. Courses in this stream revolve around the factors contributing to sustained economic growth, the trade-offs associated with different ways of achieving it, and the distributional issues development inevitably raises. More generally, this stream is also concerned with understanding what "development" actually entails in different contexts.

The courses in this stream focus on how political institutions shape developmental processes. Some courses analyze states and recognize how some promote development by providing diverse developmental goods while others impede development by preying on their peoples. Other courses focus on regimes and consider how political rights and participation, or their absences, affect developmental processes. Finally, several courses consider factors that make possible effective states and regimes.

The courses in this stream focus on how the social structures, history, and culture of populations affect developmental processes. Associations, class, gender, religion, race, and ethnicity, for example, all shape development in multiple and diverse ways. Moreover, present developmental processes oftentimes cannot be adequately understood without considering history. Culture, in turn, is increasingly recognized within development studies as both a determinant and a constitutive element of development. In exploring all three, the courses in this stream provide important insight into the complex and varied relationship between social context and development.

Students may count either HIST 339 or POLI 347 toward Stream 3 but not both. See the Political Science course list for Stream 3.

Students may count either HIST 339 or POLI 347 toward Stream 3 but not both. See the History course list for Stream 3.

Within development studies, the environment has long been recognized as a vital determinant of development. More recently, many scholars have changed their environmental focus to emphasize sustainability. The courses in this stream recognize both: some courses consider how the environment can be exploited to promote human well-being while others consider how the environment must be respected to render development sustainable. Together, they highlight the delicate balance that must be attained between humans and their environments to make possible sustainable livelihoods.

1. In their complete program (57 credits), students can take a maximum of 18 credits from any one discipline, and a minimum of 12 credits from a second discipline.

2. At least 30 of the 57 credits must be at the 300-level or above; 9 credits of these must be at the 400-level or above. Students may complete fieldwork, or an honours thesis, or an honours thesis with fieldwork (INTD 490 or INTD 491 or INTD 492) as part of the 400-level requirements of their stream.

3. In the final year (U3), no program courses may be taken below the 300-level.

6 credits from the following introductory courses (only one course from each discipline may be counted):

12 credits of Method and Language courses selected as follows:

3 - 6 credits from the following Method courses selected in consultation with the International Development Studies adviser.

Note: Students taking 6 credits select either ECON 227D1/D2 or SOCI 350 and SOCI 461.

6 - 9 credits of Language courses.

Students are required to master a language appropriate to an area of the developing world in which they have a particular interest. Among the languages that are included are: Arabic, Chinese, French as a Second Language, Korean, Portuguese, Spanish, Swahili and Urdu. Other language options can be approved by the adviser. Students who already have second language capability have the option to do: 6-9 credits of another language; or additional courses taught in that language.

24 credits from one of the four IDS streams:

Stream 1: Economic Development and Living Standards

Stream 2: States and Governance

Stream 3: Culture and Society

Stream 4: Environment and Agricultural Resources

Experience has shown that development requires economic growth and is shaped by the distribution of economic resources. At the same time, the globalized economy has created new opportunities and new challenges for sustained growth. Courses in this stream revolve around the factors contributing to sustained economic growth, the trade-offs associated with different ways of achieving it, and the distributional issues development inevitably raises. More generally, this stream is also concerned with understanding what "development" actually entails in different contexts.

The courses in this stream focus on how political institutions shape developmental processes. Some courses analyze states and recognize how some promote development by providing diverse developmental goods while others impede development by preying on their peoples. Other courses focus on regimes and consider how political rights and participation, or their absences, affect developmental processes. Finally, several courses consider factors that make possible effective states and regimes.

The courses in this stream focus on how the social structures, history, and culture of populations affect developmental processes. Associations, class, gender, religion, race, and ethnicity, for example, all shape development in multiple and diverse ways. Moreover, present developmental processes oftentimes cannot be adequately understood without considering history. Culture, in turn, is increasingly recognized within development studies as both a determinant and a constitutive element of development. In exploring all three, the courses in this stream provide important insight into the complex and varied relationship between social context and development.

Students may count either HIST 339 or POLI 347 toward Stream 3 but not both. See the Political Science course list for Stream 3.

Students may count either HIST 339 or POLI 347 toward Stream 3 but not both. See the History course list for Stream 3.

Within development studies, the environment has long been recognized as a vital determinant of development. More recently, many scholars have changed their environmental focus to emphasize sustainability. The courses in this stream recognize both: some courses consider how the environment can be exploited to promote human well-being while others consider how the environment must be respected to render development sustainable. Together, they highlight the delicate balance that must be attained between humans and their environments to make possible sustainable livelihoods.

1. At least 24 of the 36 credits must be at the 300-level or above. 9 credits must be at the 400-level or above.

2. In the final year (U3), no program courses may be taken below the 300-level.

6 credits from the following introductory courses (only one course from each discipline may be counted):

12 credits from one of the four IDS streams with at least three disciplines within the stream:

Stream 1: Economic Development and Living Standards

Stream 2: States and Governance

Stream 3: Culture and Society

Stream 4: Environment and Agricultural Resources

Experience has shown that development requires economic growth and is shaped by the distribution of economic resources. At the same time, the globalized economy has created new opportunities and new challenges for sustained growth. Courses in this stream revolve around the factors contributing to sustained economic growth, the trade-offs associated with different ways of achieving it, and the distributional issues development inevitably raises. More generally, this stream is also concerned with understanding what "development" actually entails in different contexts.

The courses in this stream focus on how political institutions shape developmental processes. Some courses analyze states and recognize how some promote development by providing diverse developmental goods while others impede development by preying on their peoples. Other courses focus on regimes and consider how political rights and participation, or their absences, affect developmental processes. Finally, several courses consider factors that make possible effective states and regimes.

The courses in this stream focus on how the social structures, history, and culture of populations affect developmental processes. Associations, class, gender, religion, race, and ethnicity, for example, all shape development in multiple and diverse ways. Moreover, present developmental processes oftentimes cannot be adequately understood without considering history. Culture, in turn, is increasingly recognized within development studies as both a determinant and a constitutive element of development. In exploring all three, the courses in this stream provide important insight into the complex and varied relationship between social context and development.

Students may count either HIST 339 or POLI 347 toward Stream 3 but not both. See the Political Science course list for Stream 3.

Students may count either HIST 339 or POLI 347 toward Stream 3 but not both. See the History course list for Stream 3.

Within development studies, the environment has long been recognized as a vital determinant of development. More recently, many scholars have changed their environmental focus to emphasize sustainability. The courses in this stream recognize both: some courses consider how the environment can be exploited to promote human well-being while others consider how the environment must be respected to render development sustainable. Together, they highlight the delicate balance that must be attained between humans and their environments to make possible sustainable livelihoods.